An impending cold snap bringing sleet will create low temperatures, icy conditions, and slippery surfaces, posing risks such as difficult engine starts, frozen component damage, and operational slippage for excavators. Construction sites must implement comprehensive protection throughout the entire process—“startup, operation, and shutdown”—to ensure equipment safety and construction efficiency!
Before Startup
Prioritize Equipment “Anti-Freeze Preheating”
Low temperatures can cause fluid stagnation and battery depletion. Complete these three preparations first:
1. Switch to appropriate fluids:
- Diesel fuel: Use anti-freeze grades rated 7-10°C lower than local lows (e.g., -10#/-20#) and add anti-freeze agents. Switch hydraulic oil and engine oil to winter-grade low-viscosity formulations, and replace coolant with -30°C antifreeze. Second, follow standardized preheating procedures: power on for 5-10 minutes, then idle for 15 minutes after startup. Only operate when water temperature exceeds 40°C and hydraulic oil temperature surpasses 20°C. Install fuel preheaters on outdoor equipment to enhance startup efficiency. Third, conduct detailed inspections: clear snow and ice from tracks/tires, reduce tire pressure to increase contact area, insulate exposed fuel lines, and ensure heater and defrost functions are operational.
During Operation
“Gentle Operation + Anti-Slip” Dual Protection
Rain and sleet cause slippery, icy work surfaces. Adjust your pace: Pre-treat the work area by clearing snow and ice. Lay anti-slip mats on steep slopes and muddy areas. Halt outdoor operations when visibility drops below 50 meters. Second, slow down all operations—start, turn, and dig gently. Avoid sudden acceleration or braking. When excavating frozen soil, lightly tap to break ice layers first; never force operations to prevent arm damage. Simultaneously ensure personnel safety: seal cab gaps to prevent drafts, ventilate regularly while using heaters to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning, and have operators wear anti-slip and cold-weather gear with 2-hour rotation breaks.
After Work
Maintenance and Protection to Prevent Nighttime Freezing Damage
After work, promptly “warm” the equipment: wipe moisture from the cab, clear snow from the body, check fluid levels, and apply rust-preventive oil to hydraulic cylinders. For outdoor parking, cover with a waterproof tarp, prioritize sheltered, level locations, lower the bucket to reduce hydraulic load, engage the parking brake, and use chocks to prevent rolling. Batteries should be removed for indoor storage or wrapped in insulated covers to prevent deep discharge from low temperatures, ensuring reliable next-day starting.
During cold snaps, proper equipment protection not only reduces failure risks but also prevents construction delays. Contractors must implement protective measures in advance to ensure excavators operate safely in low-temperature environments.