1. Operation technology
First of all, we must confirm the surrounding conditions. When slewing operations, be aware of the surrounding obstacles and terrain, and operate safely; when operating, confirm the front and rear direction of the crawler to avoid tipping or impact; try not to face the final drive in the direction of the excavation, otherwise it will be easy to damage the walking Motor or hose; during operation, ensure that the left and right crawlers are in full contact with the ground to improve the dynamic stability of the whole machine.
2. Effective mining methods
When the bucket cylinder and the connecting rod, the stick cylinder and the stick are at 90 degrees to each other, the digging force is the largest; when the bucket teeth and the ground maintain a 30-degree angle, the digging force is the least resistance to earth cutting; use the stick to dig At the same time, you should ensure that the stick angle range is from 45 degrees in the front to 30 degrees in the back. The use of boom and bucket at the same time can improve the efficiency of excavation.
Three, dig the rocks
Excavating rocks with buckets will cause great damage to the machine and should be avoided; when digging is necessary, the position of the machine body should be adjusted according to the direction of the cracks of the rock, so that the bucket can be shoveled in smoothly for excavation; insert the bucket teeth into the cracks of the rock In digging, use the digging force of the stick and bucket (pay attention to the slippage of the bucket teeth); the rock that is not broken should be broken first and then the bucket should be used for digging.
4. Slope leveling operations
When performing plane trimming, the machine should be placed on the ground to prevent the machine body from shaking. It is necessary to grasp the coordination of the action of the boom and the stick, and controlling the speed of the two is important for plane trimming. It is difficult to accurately control, thereby prolonging the operation cycle time; the body and the truck should be kept at a proper distance to prevent the tail of the body from colliding with the truck when making a 180-degree turn; try to install it with a left turn, so that the field of view is wide and the work efficiency is high. Correctly grasp the rotation angle to reduce the time for turning; the truck position is lower than the small excavator to shorten the boom lifting time, and the line of sight is good; first load sand, gravel, and then place big rocks, which can reduce The impact on the car box.
5. Working in soft areas or in water
在软土地带作业时，应了解土壤松实程度，并注意限制铲斗的挖掘范围，防止滑坡、塌方等事故发生以及车体沉陷较深。 在水中作业时，应注意车体容许的水深范围（水面应在托链轮中心以下）；如果水平面较高，回转支承内部将因水的进入导致润滑不良，发动机风扇叶片受水击打导致折损，电器线路元件由于水的侵入发生短路或断路。
六、 吊装作业
作用液压小型挖掘机进行吊装操作进，应确认吊装现场周围状况，使用高强度的吊勾和钢丝绳，吊装时要尽量使用专用的吊装装置；作业方式应选择微操作模式，动作要缓慢平衡；吊绳长短适当，过长会使吊物摆动较大而难以精确控制；要正确调整铲斗位置，以防止钢线绳滑脱；施工人员尽量不要靠近吊装物，以防止因操作不当发生危险。
七、 平稳的操作方法
作业时，机器的稳定性不仅能提高工作效率，延长机器寿命，而且能确保操作安全（把机器放在较平坦的地面上）；驱动链轮在后侧比在前侧的稳定性好，且能够防止终传动遭受外力撞击；履带在地面上的轴距总是大于轮距，所以朝前工作稳定性好，要尽量避免侧向操作；要保持挖掘点靠近机器，以提高稳定性和小型挖掘机；假如挖掘点远离机器，造成因重心前移，作业就不稳定；侧向挖掘比正向挖掘稳定性差，如果挖掘点远离机体中心，机器会更加不稳定，因此挖掘点与机体中心应保持合适的距离，以使操作平衡、高效。
八、 值得注意的操作
液压缸内部装有缓冲装置，能够在靠近行程末端逐渐释放背压；如果在到达行程末端后受到冲击载荷，活塞将直接碰到缸头或缸底，容易造成事故，因此到行程末端时应尽量留有余隙。利用回转动作进行推土作业将引起铲斗和工作装置的不正常受力，造成扭曲或焊缝开裂，甚至销轴折断，应尽量避免此种操作。利用机体重量进行挖掘会造成回转支承不正常受力状态，同时会对底盘产生较强的振动和冲击，因此应用利液压缸或液压管路产生较大的破坏。在装卸岩石等较重物料时，应靠近卡车车厢底部卸料，或先装载泥土，然后装载岩石，禁止高空卸载，以减小对卡车的撞击破坏。履带陷入泥中较深时，在铲斗下垫一块木板，利用铲斗的底端支起履带，然后在履带下垫上木板，将机器驶出。
九、 正确的行走操作
小型挖掘机行走时，应尽量收起工作装置并靠近机体中心，以保持稳定性；把终传动放在后面以保护终传动。要尽可能地避免驶过树桩和岩石等障碍物，防止履带扭曲；若必须驶过障碍物时，应确保履带中心在障碍物上。过土墩时，就始终用工作装置支撑住底盘，以防止车体剧烈晃动甚至翻倾。 应避免长时间停在陡坡上怠速运转发动机，否则会因油位角度的改变而导致润滑不良。机器长距离行走，会使支重轮及终传动内部因长时间回转产生高温，机油粘度下降和润滑不良，因此应经常停机冷却降温，延长下部机体的寿命。禁止靠行走的驱动力进行挖土作业，否则过大的负荷将会导致终传动、履带等下车部件的早期磨损或破坏。上坡行走时，应当驱动轮在后，以增加触地履带的附着力。下坡行走时，应当驱动轮在前，使上部履带绷紧，以防止停车时车体在重力作用下向前滑移而引起危险。在斜坡上行走时，工作装置应置于前方以确保安全，停车后，把铲斗轻轻地插入地面，并在履带下放上挡块。在陡坡行走转弯时，应将速度放慢，左转时向后转动左履带，右转时向后转动右履带，这亲可以降低在斜坡上转弯时的危险。
十、 正确的破碎作业
First, place the hammer head vertically on the object to be broken. When starting the crushing operation, raise the front car body about 5cm. When crushing, the crushing head should always be pressed on the crushed material. The crushing operation should be stopped immediately after the unbroken material has been crushed. When crushing, because the vibration will gradually change the direction of the hammer head, the bucket cylinder should be adjusted at any time to make the direction of the hammer head perpendicular to the surface of the crushed object. When the hammer cannot penetrate the broken object, change the crushing position; do not continue to break at the following place for more than one minute, otherwise not only the hammer will be damaged, but the oil temperature will rise abnormally; for hard objects, they should be gradually broken from the edge . It is strictly forbidden to break while turning, twist the hammer head after insertion, use the hydraulic hammer horizontally or upward, and use the hydraulic hammer as a chisel.